Working Paper Series

Journal of Economic Literature Subject Descriptors

(JEL Classifications)


A00	-	General
A1	-	General Economics
A10	-	General
A11	-	Role of Economics; Role of Economists
A12	-	Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
A13	-	Relation of Economics to Social Values
A14	-	Sociology of Economics
A19	-	Other
A2	-	Teaching of Economics
A20	-	General
A21	-	Precollege
A22	-	Undergraduate
A23	-	Graduate
A29	-	Other

B00	-	General
B1	-	History of Economic Thought through 1925
B10	-	General
B11	-	Preclassical
B12	-	Classical
B13	-	Neoclassical through 1925
B14	-	Socialist; Marxist
B15	-	Historical; Institutional
B19	-	Other
B2	-	History of Economic Thought since 1925
B20	-	General
B21	-	Microeconomics
B22	-	Macroeconomics
B23	-	Econometrics; Quantitative Studies
B24	-	Socialist; Marxist
B25	-	Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary
B29	-	Other
B3	-	History of Thought: - Individuals
B30	-	General
B31	-	Individuals
B4	-	Economic Methodology
B40	-	General
B41	-	Economic Methodology
B49	-	Other
B5	-	Current Heterodox Approaches
B50	-	General
B51	-	Socialist; Marxian; Sraffian
B52	-	Institutional; Evolutionary
B53	-	Austrian
B59	-	Other

C00	-	General
C1	-	Econometric and Statistical Methods: - General
C10	-	General
C11	-	Bayesian Analysis
C12	-	Hypothesis Testing
C13	-	Estimation
C14	-	Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods
C15	-	Statistical Simulation Methods; Monte Carlo Methods
C19	-	Other
C2	-	Econometric Methods: - Single Equation Models
C20	-	General
C21	-	Cross-Sectional Models
C22	-	Time-Series Models
C23	-	Models with Panel Data
C24	-	Truncated and Censored Models
C25	-	Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models
C29	-	Other
C3	-	Econometric Methods: - Multiple/Simultaneous Equation Models
C30	-	General
C31	-	Cross-Sectional Models
C32	-	Time-Series Models
C33	-	Models with Panel Data
C34	-	Truncated and Censored Models
C35	-	Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models
C39	-	Other
C4	-	Econometric and Statistical Methods: - Special Topics
C40	-	General
C41	-	Duration Analysis
C42	-	Survey Methods
C43	-	Index Numbers and Aggregation
C44	-	Statistical Decision Theory; Operations Research
C45	-	Neural Networks and Related Topics
C49	-	Other
C5	-	Econometric Modeling
C50	-	General
C51	-	Model Construction and Estimation
C52	-	Model Evaluation and Testing
C53	-	Forecasting and Other Model Applications
C59	-	Other
C6	-	Mathematical Methods and Programming
C60	-	General
C61	-	Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
C62	-	Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
C63	-	Computational Techniques
C67	-	Input-Output Models
C68	-	Computable General Equilibrium Models
C69	-	Other
C7	-	Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
C70	-	General
C71	-	Cooperative Games
C72	-	Noncooperative Games
C73	-	Stochastic and Dynamic Games
C78	-	Bargaining Theory; Matching Theory
C79	-	Other
C8	-	Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs
C80	-	General
C81	-	Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data
C82	-	Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data
C87	-	Econometric Software
C88	-	Other Computer Software
C89	-	Other
C9	-	Design of Experiments
C90	-	General
C91	-	Laboratory, Individual Behavior
C92	-	Laboratory, Group Behavior
C93	-	Field Experiments
C99	-	Other

D00	-	General
D1	-	Household Behavior
D10	-	General
D11	-	Consumer Economics: Theory
D12	-	Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
D13	-	Household Production
D18	-	Consumer Protection
D19	-	Other
D2	-	Production and Organizations
D20	-	General
D21	-	Firm Behavior
D23	-	Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
D24	-	Production; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity
D29	-	Other
D3	-	Distribution
D30	-	General
D31	-	Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
D33	-	Factor Income Distribution
D39	-	Other
D4	-	Market Structure and Pricing
D40	-	General
D41	-	Perfect Competition
D42	-	Monopoly
D43	-	Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
D44	-	Auctions
D45	-	Rationing; Licensing
D46	-	Value Theory
D49	-	Other
D5	-	General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
D50	-	General
D51	-	Exchange and Production Economies
D52	-	Incomplete Markets
D57	-	Input-Output Analysis
D58	-	Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
D59	-	Other
D6	-	Welfare Economics
D60	-	General
D61	-	Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
D62	-	Externalities
D63	-	Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
D64	-	Altruism
D69	-	Other
D7	-	Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
D70	-	General
D71	-	Social Choice; Clubs; Committees
D72	-	Economic Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
D73	-	Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations
D74	-	Conflict; Conflict Resolution
D78	-	Positive Analysis of Policy-Making and Implementation
D79	-	Other
D8	-	Information and Uncertainty
D80	-	General
D81	-	Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
D82	-	Asymmetric and Private Information
D83	-	Search, Learning, and Information
D84	-	Expectations; Speculations
D89	-	Other
D9	-	Intertemporal Choice and Growth
D90	-	General
D91	-	Intertemporal Consumer Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
D92	-	Intertemporal Firm Choice and Growth, Investment, or Financing
D99	-	Other

E00	-	General
E1	-	General Aggregative Models
E10	-	General
E11	-	Marxian; Sraffian; Institutional; Evolutionary
E12	-	Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian
E13	-	Neoclassical
E17	-	Forecasting and Simulation
E19	-	Other
E2	-	Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment
E20	-	General
E21	-	Consumption; Saving
E22	-	Capital; Investment (including Inventories); Capacity
E23	-	Production
E24	-	Employment; Unemployment; Wages
E25	-	Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
E27	-	Forecasting and Simulation
E29	-	Other
E3	-	Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
E30	-	General
E31	-	Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
E32	-	Business Fluctuations; Cycles
E37	-	Forecasting and Simulation
E39	-	Other
E4	-	Money and Interest Rates
E40	-	General
E41	-	Demand for Money
E42	-	Monetary Standards and Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
E43	-	Determination of Interest Rates; Term Structure of Interest Rates
E44	-	Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
E47	-	Forecasting and Simulation
E49	-	Other
E5	-	Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
E50	-	General
E51	-	Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
E52	-	Monetary Policy (Targets, Instruments, and Effects)
E53	-	Deposit Insurance
E58	-	Central Banks and Their Policies
E59	-	Other
E6	-	Macroeconomic - Aspects of Public Finance, Macroeconomic Policy, and General Outlook
E60	-	General
E61	-	Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
E62	-	Fiscal Policy; Public Expenditures, Investment, and Finance; Taxation
E63	-	Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary or Stabilization Policy
E64	-	Incomes Policy; Price Policy
E65	-	Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
E66	-	General Outlook and Conditions
E69	-	Other

F00	-	General
F01	-	Global Outlook
F02	-	International Economic Order; Economic Integration: General
F1	-	Trade
F10	-	General
F11	-	Neoclassical Models of Trade
F12	-	Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
F13	-	Commercial Policy; Protection; Promotion; Trade Negotiations
F14	-	Country and Industry Studies of Trade
F15	-	Economic Integration
F17	-	Trade Forecasting and Simulation
F18	-	Trade and Environment
F19	-	Other
F2	-	International Factor Movements and International Business
F20	-	General
F21	-	International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
F22	-	International Migration
F23	-	Multinational Firms; International Business
F29	-	Other
F3	-	International Finance
F30	-	General
F31	-	Foreign Exchange
F32	-	Current Account Adjustment; Short-Term Capital Movements
F33	-	International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
F34	-	International Lending and Debt Problems
F35	-	Foreign Aid
F36	-	Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
F39	-	Other
F4	-	Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
F40	-	General
F41	-	Open Economy Macroeconomics
F42	-	International Policy Coordination and Transmission
F43	-	Economic Growth of Open Economies
F47	-	Forecasting and Simulation
F49	-	Other

G00	-	General
G1	-	General Financial Markets
G10	-	General
G11	-	Portfolio Choice
G12	-	Asset Pricing
G13	-	Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
G14	-	Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies
G15	-	International Financial Markets
G18	-	Government Policy and Regulation
G19	-	Other
G2	-	Financial Institutions and Services
G20	-	General
G21	-	Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Mortgages
G22	-	Insurance; Insurance Companies
G23	-	Pension Funds; Other Private Financial Institutions
G24	-	Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage
G28	-	Government Policy and Regulation
G29	-	Other
G3	-	Corporate Finance and Governance
G30	-	General
G31	-	Capital Budgeting; Investment Policy
G32	-	Financing Policy; Capital and Ownership Structure
G33	-	Bankruptcy; Liquidation
G34	-	Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
G35	-	Payout Policy
G38	-	Government Policy and Regulation
G39	-	Other

H00	-	General
H1	-	Structure and Scope of Government
H10	-	General
H11	-	Structure and Scope of Government
H19	-	Other
H2	-	Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
H20	-	General
H21	-	Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
H22	-	Incidence
H23	-	Externalities; Redistributive Effects
H24	-	Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
H25	-	Business Taxes and Subsidies
H26	-	Tax Evasion
H29	-	Other
H3	-	Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents
H30	-	General
H31	-	Household
H32	-	Firm
H39	-	Other
H4	-	Publicly Provided Goods
H40	-	General
H41	-	Public Goods
H42	-	Publicly Provided Private Goods
H43	-	Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate
H49	-	Other
H5	-	National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
H50	-	General
H51	-	Government Expenditures and Health
H52	-	Government Expenditures and Education
H53	-	Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
H54	-	Infrastructures
H55	-	Social Security and Public Pensions
H56	-	National Security and War
H57	-	Procurement
H59	-	Other
H6	-	National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
H60	-	General
H61	-	Budget; Budget Systems
H62	-	Deficit
H63	-	Debt; Debt Management
H69	-	Other
H7	-	State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations
H70	-	General
H71	-	State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
H72	-	State and Local Budget and Expenditures
H73	-	Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
H74	-	State and Local Borrowing
H77	-	Intergovernmental Relations
H79	-	Other
H8	-	Miscellaneous Issues
H80	-	General
H81	-	Governmental Loans and Credits
H82	-	Governmental Property
H87	-	International Fiscal Issues
H89	-	Other

I00	-	General
I1	-	Health
I10	-	General
I11	-	Analysis of Health Care Markets
I12	-	Health Production: Nutrition, Mortality, Morbidity, Disability, and Economic Behavior
I18	-	Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
I19	-	Other
I2	-	Education
I20	-	General
I21	-	Analysis of Education
I22	-	Educational Finance
I28	-	Government Policy
I29	-	Other
I3	-	Welfare and Poverty
I30	-	General
I31	-	General Welfare; Basic Needs; Quality of Life
I32	-	Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
I38	-	Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
I39	-	Other

J00	-	General
J1	-	Demographic Economics
J10	-	General
J11	-	Demographic Trends and Forecasts
J12	-	Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
J13	-	Fertility; Child Care; Children; Youth
J14	-	Economics of the Elderly
J15	-	Economics of Minorities
J16	-	Economics of Gender
J17	-	Value of Life; Foregone Income
J18	-	Public Policy
J19	-	Other
J2	-	Time Allocation; Work Behavior; Employment Determination and Creation
J20	-	General
J21	-	Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
J22	-	Time Allocation and Labor Supply
J23	-	Employment Determination; Demand for Labor; Self-employment
J24	-	Human Capital Formation; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
J26	-	Retirement; Retirement Policies
J28	-	Safety; Accidents; Industrial Health; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
J29	-	Other
J3	-	Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
J30	-	General
J31	-	Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials by Skill, Training, Occupation, etc.
J32	-	Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Private Pensions
J33	-	Compensation Packages; Payment Methods
J38	-	Public Policy
J39	-	Other
J4	-	Particular Labor Markets
J40	-	General
J41	-	Contracts: Specific Human Capital, Matching Models, Efficiency Wage Models, and Internal Labor Markets
J42	-	Monopsony; Segmented Labor Markets
J43	-	Agricultural Labor Markets
J44	-	Professional Labor Markets and Occupations
J45	-	Public Sector Labor Markets
J49	-	Other
J5	-	Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
J50	-	General
J51	-	Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
J52	-	Dispute Resolution: Strikes; Arbitration; Mediation
J53	-	Labor-Management Relations; Industrial Jurisprudence
J54	-	Producer Cooperatives; Labor Managed Firms
J58	-	Public Policy
J59	-	Other
J6	-	Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies
J60	-	General
J61	-	Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
J62	-	Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility
J63	-	Turnover; Vacancies; Layoffs
J64	-	Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
J65	-	Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings
J68	-	Public Policy
J69	-	Other
J7	-	Discrimination
J70	-	General
J71	-	Discrimination
J78	-	Public Policy
J79	-	Other

K00	-	General
K1	-	Basic Areas of Law
K10	-	General
K11	-	Property Law
K12	-	Contract Law
K13	-	Tort Law and Product Liability
K14	-	Criminal Law
K19	-	Other
K2	-	Regulation and Business Law
K20	-	General
K21	-	Antitrust Law
K22	-	Corporation and Securities Law
K23	-	Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
K29	-	Other
K3	-	Other Substantive Areas of Law
K30	-	General
K31	-	Labor Law
K32	-	Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
K33	-	International Law
K34	-	Tax Law
K39	-	Other
K4	-	Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior
K40	-	General
K41	-	Litigation Process
K42	-	Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
K49	-	Other

L00	-	General
L1	-	Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
L10	-	General
L11	-	Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
L12	-	Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies
L13	-	Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
L14	-	Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation
L15	-	Information and Product Quality
L16	-	Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
L19	-	Other
L2	-	Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
L20	-	General
L21	-	Business Objectives of the Firm
L22	-	Firm Organization and Market Structure: Markets vs. Hierarchies; Vertical Integration
L23	-	Organization of Production
L29	-	Other
L3	-	Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise
L30	-	General
L31	-	Nonprofit Institutions
L32	-	Public Enterprises
L33	-	Boundaries of Public and Private Enterprise; Privatization; Contracting Out
L39	-	Other
L4	-	Antitrust Policy
L40	-	General
L41	-	Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
L42	-	Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts
L43	-	Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation
L44	-	Antitrust Policy and Public Enterprise, Nonprofit Institutions, and Professional Organizations
L49	-	Other
L5	-	Regulation and Industrial Policy
L50	-	General
L51	-	Economics of Regulation
L52	-	Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
L59	-	Other
L6	-	Industry Studies: Manufacturing
L60	-	General
L61	-	Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics
L62	-	Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment
L63	-	Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment
L64	-	Other Machinery; Business Equipment
L65	-	Chemicals; Drugs
L66	-	Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
L67	-	Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
L68	-	Appliances; Other Consumer Durables
L69	-	Other
L7	-	Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction
L70	-	General
L71	-	Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels
L72	-	Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Other Nonrenewable Resources
L73	-	Forest Products: Lumber and Paper
L74	-	Construction
L79	-	Other
L8	-	Industry Studies: Services
L80	-	General
L81	-	Retail and Wholesale Trade; Warehousing
L82	-	Entertainment; Media (Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Broadcasting, Publishing, etc.)
L83	-	Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism
L84	-	Personal and Professional Services
L85	-	Real Estate Services
L86	-	Information and Internet Services; Computer Software
L89	-	Other
L9	-	Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities
L90	-	General
L91	-	Transportation: General
L92	-	Railroads and Other Surface Transportation: Autos, Buses, Trucks, and Water Carriers
L93	-	Air Transportation
L94	-	Electric Utilities
L95	-	Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities
L96	-	Telecommunications
L97	-	Utilities: General
L98	-	Government Policy
L99	-	Other

M00	-	General
M1	-	Business Administration
M10	-	General
M11	-	Production Management
M12	-	Personnel Management
M13	-	Entrepreneurship
M14	-	Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility
M19	-	Other
M2	-	Business Economics
M20	-	General
M21	-	Business Economics
M29	-	Other
M3	-	Marketing and Advertising
M30	-	General
M31	-	Marketing
M37	-	Advertising
M39	-	Other
M4	-	Accounting
M40	-	General
M41	-	Accounting
M49	-	Other

N00	-	General
N01	-	Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods
N1	-	Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Growth and Fluctuations
N10	-	General, International, or Comparative
N11	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N12	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N13	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N14	-	Europe: 1913-71
N15	-	Asia including Middle East
N16	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N17	-	Africa; Oceania
N2	-	Financial Markets and Institutions
N20	-	General, International, or Comparative
N21	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N22	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N23	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N24	-	Europe: 1913-71
N25	-	Asia including Middle East
N26	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N27	-	Africa; Oceania
N3	-	Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Income and Wealth
N30	-	General, International, or Comparative
N31	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N32	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N33	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N34	-	Europe: 1913-71
N35	-	Asia including Middle East
N36	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N37	-	Africa; Oceania
N4	-	Government, War, Law, and Regulation
N40	-	General, International, or Comparative
N41	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N42	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N43	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N44	-	Europe: 1913-71
N45	-	Asia including Middle East
N46	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N47	-	Africa; Oceania
N5	-	Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries
N50	-	General, International, or Comparative
N51	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N52	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N53	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N54	-	Europe: 1913-71
N55	-	Asia including Middle East
N56	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N57	-	Africa; Oceania
N6	-	Manufacturing and Construction
N60	-	General, International, or Comparative
N61	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N62	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N63	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N64	-	Europe: 1913-71
N65	-	Asia including Middle East
N66	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N67	-	Africa; Oceania
N7	-	Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services
N70	-	General, International, or Comparative
N71	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N72	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N73	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N74	-	Europe: 1913-71
N75	-	Asia including Middle East
N76	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N77	-	Africa; Oceania
N8	-	Micro-Business History
N80	-	General, International, or Comparative
N81	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N82	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-71
N83	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N84	-	Europe: 1913-71
N85	-	Asia including Middle East
N86	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N87	-	Africa; Oceania
N9	-	Regional and Urban History
N90	-	General
N91	-	U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
N92	-	U.S.; Canada: 1913-
N93	-	Europe: Pre-1913
N94	-	Europe: 1913-
N95	-	Asia including Middle East
N96	-	Latin America; Caribbean
N97	-	Africa; Oceania

O00	-	General
O1	-	Economic Development
O10	-	General
O11	-	Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O12	-	Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O13	-	Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
O14	-	Industrialization; Choice of Technology
O15	-	Human Resources; Income Distribution; Migration
O16	-	Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment
O17	-	Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
O18	-	Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses
O19	-	International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
O2	-	Development Planning and Policy
O20	-	General
O21	-	Planning Models; Planning Policy
O22	-	Project Analysis
O23	-	Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development
O29	-	Other
O3	-	Technological Change
O30	-	General
O31	-	Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
O32	-	Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
O33	-	Technological Change: Choices and Consequences
O34	-	Intellectual Property Rights: National and International Issues
O38	-	Government Policy
O39	-	Other
O4	-	Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
O40	-	General
O41	-	One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
O42	-	Monetary Growth Models
O47	-	Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity
O49	-	Other
O5	-	Economywide Country Studies
O50	-	General
O51	-	U.S.; Canada
O52	-	Europe
O53	-	Asia including Middle East
O54	-	Latin America; Caribbean
O55	-	Africa
O56	-	Oceania
O57	-	Comparative Studies of Countries

P00	-	General
P1	-	Capitalist Systems
P10	-	General
P11	-	Planning, Coordination, and Reform
P12	-	Capitalist Enterprises
P13	-	Cooperative Enterprises
P16	-	Political Economy
P17	-	Performance and Prospects
P19	-	Other
P2	-	Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies
P20	-	General
P21	-	Planning, Coordination, and Reform
P22	-	Prices
P23	-	Factor and Product Markets
P24	-	National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation
P26	-	Political Economy
P27	-	Performance and Prospects
P29	-	Other
P3	-	Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
P30	-	General
P31	-	Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions
P32	-	Collectives; Communes; Agricultural Institutions
P33	-	International Linkages
P34	-	Finance
P35	-	Public Finance
P36	-	Household Behavior
P39	-	Other
P4	-	Other Economic Systems
P40	-	General
P41	-	Planning, Coordination, and Reform
P42	-	Productive Enterprises; Factor and Product Markets; Prices
P43	-	Finance; Public Finance
P44	-	National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation
P45	-	International Linkages
P46	-	Household Behavior
P47	-	Performance and Prospects
P49	-	Other
P5	-	Comparative Economic Systems
P50	-	General
P51	-	Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems
P52	-	Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
P59	-	Other

Q00	-	General
Q01	-	Sustainable Development
Q1	-	Agriculture
Q10	-	General
Q11	-	Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices
Q12	-	Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
Q13	-	Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
Q14	-	Agricultural Finance
Q15	-	Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation
Q16	-	R&D; Agricultural Technology; Agricultural Extension Services
Q17	-	Agriculture in International Trade
Q18	-	Agricultural Policy; Food Policy
Q19	-	Other
Q2	-	Renewable Resources and Conservation; Environmental Management
Q20	-	General
Q21	-	Demand and Supply
Q22	-	Fishery
Q23	-	Forestry
Q24	-	Land
Q25	-	Water; Air
Q26	-	Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources; Contingent Valuation Methods
Q28	-	Government Policy
Q29	-	Other
Q3	-	Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation
Q30	-	General
Q31	-	Demand and Supply
Q32	-	Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
Q33	-	Resource Booms
Q38	-	Government Policy
Q39	-	Other
Q4	-	Energy
Q40	-	General
Q41	-	Demand and Supply
Q42	-	Alternative Energy Sources
Q43	-	Energy and the Macroeconomy
Q48	-	Government Policy
Q49	-	Other

R00	-	General
R1	-	General Regional Economics
R10	-	General
R11	-	Analysis of Growth, Development, and Changes
R12	-	Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
R13	-	General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies
R14	-	Land Use Patterns
R15	-	Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Models
R19	-	Other
R2	-	Household Analysis
R20	-	General
R21	-	Housing Demand
R22	-	Other Demand
R23	-	Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
R29	-	Other
R3	-	Production Analysis and Firm Location
R30	-	General
R31	-	Housing Supply and Markets
R32	-	Other Production and Pricing Analysis
R33	-	Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets
R34	-	Input Demand Analysis
R38	-	Government Policies; Regulatory Policies
R39	-	Other
R4	-	Transportation Systems
R40	-	General
R41	-	Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion
R42	-	Government and Private Investment Analysis
R48	-	Government Pricing; Regulatory Policies
R49	-	Other
R5	-	Regional Government Analysis
R50	-	General
R51	-	Finance in Urban and Rural Economies
R52	-	Land Use and Other Regulations
R53	-	Public Facility Location Analysis; Public Investment and Capital Stock
R58	-	Regional Development Policy
R59	-	Other

Z00	-	General
Z1	-	Cultural Economics
Z10	-	General
Z11	-	Economics of the Arts
Z12	-	Religion
Z13	-	Social Norms and Social Capital